Sama da mutum miliyan 100 a Afrika ne ke fama da rashin wutar lantarki a daidai lokacin da ake ci gaba da fuskantar matsalar makamashi a ɓangarori daban-daban na nahiyar.

Yayin da buƙatar makamashi ke ƙaruwa, wasu ƙasashe na komawa dogaro da wasu hanyoyi kamar irin kamfanin samar da makamashi na ƙasar Turkiyya (Karpowership) - wadda ke samar da hasken lantarki zuwa ga wasu ƙasashe.

Kamfanin wanda ke da cibiya a birnin Santambul mai jiragen ruwa guda 40 da ke samar da makamashi, na samar da wutar lantarki da ta kai megawatt 6,000 zuwa ƙasashe 14, da suka haɗa da Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory-Coast, Mozambique, Senegal da kuma Saliyo.

Jiragen na amfani da man dizel da kuma fetur, wanda ke ba su damar kai makamashi yadda ya kamata zuwa waɗannan ƙasashe.

Ana iya ajiye jiragen ruwan a kusa da tashoshin samar da hasken lantarki. A wurin ne kuma layukan bayar da hasken wuta ke haɗuwa da juna, abin da ke sanya a samu wutar lantarki mai karfi da kuma ke tafiya yadda ake so.

Ghana

A Ghana, kamfanin na Karpowership yana samar da kusan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na makamashin ƙasar kusan shekaru goma.

Ƙasar ta sha fama da katsewar wutar lantarki, wanda aka fi sani da "dumsor". Kamfanin wutar lantarki na Ghana (ECG) na bin masu samar da wutar lantarki bashin kusan dala biliyan 1.6, kuma rashin biyan waɗannan basussukan ya haifar da matsalar rashin wutar lantarki a faɗin kasar.

William Boateng, Daraktan Sadarwa na ECG, ya ce kamfanin ya koma katse wutar lantarki saboda majalisar dokokin Ghana ta ki mutunta sanarwar buƙatar biyan kuɗaɗen wuta.

"Katse wutar lantarkin ta shafi kowa; duk wanda bai biya ba kuma ya kasa yin abin da ya kamata, za a katse masa wuta," kamar yadda Mista Boateng ya shaida wa kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters.

Karpowership ta ce tana taimakawa Ghana wajen magance matsalolin makamashin da take fuskanta.

Babban jami'in kasuwanci na kamfanin Karpowership, Zeynep Harezi, ya shaida wa BBC cewa "Karfin wutar lantarkin da muke da shi a Ghana ya yi tasiri mai kyau a kan yanayin zamantakewa da tattalin arzikin al'ummomin yankin." .

"Alal misali, masana'antar kamun kifi na cikin gida, wadda ta sha fama da katsewar lantarki abu kuma da ya hana su adan kifaye, sun amfana sosai."

Sai dai, yanke wutar lantarki ya kasance abu na yau da kullum a ƙasar ta Ghana, wani abu da gwamnati ke ƙoƙarin shawo kansa.

Ghana na da muhimman hanyoyin samar da makamashi, da suka haɗa da madatsun ruwa guda uku, waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen kusan kashi uku na wutar lantarki.

Har ila yau, tana da albarkatun mai da iskar gas, amma har yanzu ba a amfani da su yadda ya dace.

Kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na Turkiyyan, ya ce ya yi aiki tare da kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na ƙasar Ghana domin mayar da ayyukansa zuwa ga iskar gas domin samun iskar gas a ƙasar. Fatan shi ne hakan zai samar da ingantaccen tushen samar da wutar lantarki mai ɗorewa kuma mai sauki.

Har ila yau, kamfanin yana amfani da bututun mai tsawon kilomita 11, wajen jigilar iskar gas daga inda ake hakowa zuwa tashar wutar lantarki, wanda ya ce hakan zai sa Ghana ta samu kimanin dala miliyan 20 a wata.

"Bututun mai tsawon kilomita 11 ya tashi daga Aboadze zuwa sansanin sojojin ruwa na Sekondi, inda wutar ke da karfi," in ji Ms Harezi.

Ta kara da cewa: "Haɓaka ayyukan samar da bututun mai na Ghana yana da mahimmanci don canza ƙarfinmu zuwa iskar gas na asali na ƙasar. Mun fahimci buƙatar ci gaba da samar da ababen more rayuwa na dogon lokaci a bakin teku kuma za mu tallafa wa abokan aikinmu a kowane lokaci.

Kamfanin Karpowership ya ce amfani da iskar gas wanda aka tace a cikin jiragensa na samar da mafita ga sauran albarkatun mai da kuma taimakawa wajen rage fitar da iskar Carbon tare da samar da hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki da kuma dakile batun karancin kayayyaki.

'Hanyar ba mai ɗorewa ba ce'

Sai dai wasu masana makamashin sun yi gargaɗin cewa wutar lantarki da Karpowership ke samarwa ba zai zama mafita mai ɗorewa ba saboda hayar jirgin ruwa na iya tsada fiye da tashar wutar lantarki ta dindindin.

"Ƙasashen Afirka sun juya kan wannan mafita ne kawai saboda suna ba da mafita cikin gaggawa da kuma sauki kan matsalar ƙarancin wutar lantarki," in ji Tony Tiyou, babban jami'in kamfanin samar da makamashi na Green Renewables a Afirka ya shaida wa BBC.

"Amma bai kamata a yi la'akari da su a matsayin hanyoyin warware matsalolin makamashi na Afirka ba. Bayan shekaru biyar, hanyar za ta zama mai tsada fiye da mafita ta dindindin. Abin da muke buƙata shi ne ƙasashen Afirka su zuba jari a wani nau'i na makamashi daban, ciki har da makamashin da ake sabuntawa - hasken rana, iska, da ruwa.

Duk da haka, Karpowership, duk da haka, ya ce makamashin da yake bayarwa shi ne mafi sauki.

"Ya fi dacewa a gina tashoshin wutar lantarki da ake sarrafawa gaba ɗaya a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa mai karfi, fiye da yadda ake gina irin wannan tashar wutar lantarki a ƙasashe masu tasowa da dama," in ji Ms Harezi.

Rashin biyan kuɗaɗen wuta

Duk da tasirin da Karpowership ya yi a Ghana da wasu ƙasashen Afirka, an tilasta wa kamfanin yanke wutar lantarki ga wasu ƙasashe saboda rashin biyan kuɗi.

A bara, Guinea-Bissau ta faɗa cikin duhu na kusan kwanaki biyu bayan Karpowership ya yanke wutar lantarki a lokacin da ƙasar ta gaza biyan dala miliyan 15 na kuɗin wuta.

Katse wutar lantarkin ya shafi samar da ruwan sha, asibitoci, da kafafen yaɗa labarai, inda gidan rediyon jihar Radio Nacional ya katse yaɗa shirye-shirye.

Duk da haka, Karpowership ya sami damar dawo da makamashin Guinea-Bissau bayan da gwamnati ta biya dala miliyan shida.

Ita ma Saliyo ta fuskanci katsewar wutar lantarki a babban birnin ƙasar Freetown a shekarar da ta gabata bayan da kamfanin Karpowership ya katse wutar lantarki saboda rashin biyan bashin da ake bin ta na kusan dala miliyan 40.

Ministan Makamashi Isuf Baldé, ya ce akwai buƙatar sake tattaunawa kan kwangilar da ƙasar ke ciki da Karpowership saboda farashin kamfanin ya kusan ruɓanya tun lokacin da aka fara aiki.

Karpowership ya ci gaba da cewa, ya ci gaba da jajircewa wajen samar da makamashi ga kasashen Afirka, yayin da nahiyar ke ci gaba da kasancewa daya daga cikin manyan kasuwanninta.

Karpowership ya nanata cewa yana jajircewa wajen samar da makamashi ga ƙasashen Afirka, yayin da nahiyar ke ci gaba da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin manyan kasuwanninta.

"Mun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyoyi da hukumomi a Gabon don samar da megawatt 150 na wutar lantarki ga ƙasar," in ji Ms Herezi.

"Mun yi imanin cewa za mu iya taimakawa Afirka kan canjin makamashi da kuma faɗaɗa damar samun wutar lantarki ga 'yan nahiyar."